April 10, 2021

In that case, it can be declared that it has a significant level within a certain error, and the critical value is usually 1.96 (5% significance level), 2.57 (1% significance level), and 3.29 (0.1% significance level). This study calculated the path coefficient and T value through bootstrapping with a sample of 5000 bootstrap cases. The results of the structural https://ecosoberhouse.com/ model’s path coefficients are shown in Table 6 and Figure 2. In “A Theory of Cognitive Dissonance,” Leon Festinger (the psychologist who first described this phenomenon) gives an example of how a person might deal with dissonance related to a health behavior by discussing individuals who continue to smoke, even though they know it is harmful to their health.

cognitive dissonance and addiction

But that is difficult, so most smokers convince themselves that the links between smoking and lung cancer are not quite as strong as doctors claim (modify belief, or avoid the information). In the context of dieting, a person who intends to lose weight has dissonance because of his conflicting strong desires for fattening foods and to lose weight. After an overindulging evening in a special event, he may experience an intense feeling of discomfort (regret and guilt) for his behavior.

Cognitive behavioural interventions in addictive disorders

This overview proposes to extend the three established cognitive domains in substance-use disorders to include 1) Precognition, featuring processes that occur outside or prior to conscious cognition per se and 2) Social cognition, including metacognition/insight Theory of mind (ToM). These expanded domains may be an integral part of the human addiction phenotype and could potentially hold the key to aspects of the addiction phenotype that make treatment and functional impairments in substance-use disorders so challenging (Figure 1). Being aware of it and addressing it can greatly assist individuals in overcoming their addiction. Therapeutic approaches such as cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) can be highly effective in helping individuals identify and challenge conflicting thoughts, ultimately promoting positive behavioral changes. Furthermore, emotional and cognitive conflicts arise in addiction due to cognitive dissonance.

  • After 1 year of complete abstinence cognitive function has been found to be at the level of healthy controls 25, 26.
  • What’s very interesting, as we will discuss, is how we reconcile conflicting thoughts and behaviors.
  • The model incorporates the stages of change proposed by Procahska, DiClement and Norcross (1992) and treatment principles are based on social-cognitive theories11,29,30.
  • His father and maternal uncle were heavy drinkers (predispositions to drinking, social learning).

Indeed, the riveted attention to drug-related cue may occur even when successful task performance instead depends on a flexible shift of attention away from drug images18,22. As previously detailed, these tasks typically instruct deliberate, explicit, conscious attempts to inhibit a “pre-potent” (whether motor or drug – related) response. However, the “pre-potency” of the responses to be inhibited depends on their ‘near-automatic’ cognitive dissonance and addiction nature. For example, motor pre-potency results from a rapid series of button presses to a “Go” signal, and a pre-potent approach to drug stimuli is the ‘near-automatic’ result of much prior learning. In the domain of working memory, an individual’s ability to maintain and update information, to allocate cognitive resources, generally happens implicitly, from moment-to-moment, without a conscious focus.

COGNITIVE DEFICITS IN CHRONIC DRUG ABUSE

CBT for addictive behaviours can be traced back to the application of learning theories in understanding addiction and subsequently to social cognitive theories. The focus of CBT is manifold and the focus is on targeting maintaining factors of addictive behaviours and preventing relapse. Relapse prevention programmes are based on social cognitive and cognitive behavioural principles. More recent developments in the area of managing addictions include third wave behaviour therapies. Third wave behaviour therapies are focused on improving building awareness, and distress tolerance skills using mindfulness practices.

His father and maternal uncle were heavy drinkers (predispositions to drinking, social learning). Rajiv was anxious since childhood (early learning and temperamental contributions) and avoided social situations (poor coping). He started using alcohol in his college, with friends and found that drinking helped him cope with his anxiety. Gradually he began to drink before meetings or interactions (maladaptive coping and negative reinforcement). He reported difficulty sleeping if he did not drink, could not get past the day without drinking or thinking about his next drink (establishment of a dependence pattern).

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